This chapter summarises evidence on the current and likely future impact of climate change on human health. The two key sources of evidence used are the UK Health Security Agency’s 2023 Health Effects of Climate Change report and the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Independent Commission on Climate
Change. Major risks include excessive heat, flooding, and vector borne disease. The role of the built environment in mitigation and adaptation is described, alongside the importance of reducing healthcare-related carbon emissions through a focus on prevention.